Blast Furnace Sinter Lump Rate

Changes in Microscale Liquid Formation in Lump and Sinter …

Abstract With the movement toward hydrogen-enriched blast furnace operation to lower greenhouse gas emissions, ferrous burden design must be reconsidered to optimize furnace permeability. Increasing the ratio of direct charge lump ore in the ferrous burden also presents an opportunity to lessen the emissions associated with the production of sinter and …

(PDF) Reduction Behaviors of Silicon–Ferrite from

Silicon–ferrite from calcium and aluminum (SFCA) is one of the primary binding phases in sinter. To better investigate the reduction process of SFCA under hydrogen-rich conditions in a blast ...

Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets, Sinter, and Lump …

A blast furnace (BF) is the dominant process for making iron in the world. ... The BF is charged with metallurgical coke and iron burden materials including iron ore pellets, sinter, and lump ore. Whil... Skip to Article Content; …

Blast Furnace Process

The blast furnace is a tall, vertical shaft furnace which uses coke to reduce iron ores. The objective of the blast furnace (BF) is to produce hot metal. ... Major iron-bearing materials are lump ore (contains 52–65% Fe), sinter (contains 52–65% Fe) and pellets (contains 60–67% Fe); minor iron-bearing materials are mill scale and ...

Quality Improvement of Sintered Ore in Relation to Blast …

viscosity of the blast furnace slag were adequately maintained by composition control without top charging of lump flux (Case 2 of Table 1). As a result, the blast furnace attained a productivity coef-ficient as high as 2.37 t/d/m3 and a high ore/coke rate of 4.87 with a PCR of 161 kg/t-pig11). 3.2 Improvement of blast furnace operation by ...

Influence of Vanadium–Titanium Sinter Basicity on Cohesive …

Due to the coarse particle size of vanadium–titanium ore suitable for sintering raw materials, the current blast furnace smelting of vanadium–titanium ore comprehensive burden structure is mainly a "high basicity sinter + acidic pellet + lump ore", and the proportion of sinter has long been maintained at more than 70% [6,7,8].

INTERACTION BETWEEN LUMP ORE AND SINTER …

of lump iron ore in the ferrous burden as it can be used directly in the blast furnace (BF) without agglomeration. Thus, the emission and energy consumption in the sintering or

(PDF) COMPARISON OF SINTER AND PELLET USAGE IN AN …

To study the distribution of ferrous burden (which is a mixture of pellets and sinter) in the blast furnace, the burden must be characterised in terms of input parameters which can be used in ...

A set of softening and melting test results for a lump ore.

In recent years, a large number of researchers have studied the metallurgical characteristics of various lump ores and the smelting behavior in the blast furnace to reduce production costs and ...

Assessment of blast furnace behaviour through …

Blast furnace operation is a complex phenomenon; maximising productivity requires a balance of burden characteristics. Meeting the targets of optimum sinter strength and minimum slag volume is a matter of concern for high alumina (2·0–2·1%) iron ore fines. To achieve reduced slag volume MgO in the sinter may be reduced and sinter strength maintained by addition of …

Impact of Sinter Basicity and Alumina on Softening Melting …

Blast furnace productivity and fuel rate greatly depend on the shape, size and the location of the cohesive zone that separates the solid and liquid region. ... than the individual sinter, acid pellets or lump ore. Clixby found, for prereduced acid pellets, that the pressure drop and the melting temperature depended on the reduction degree.

Blast Furnace Productivity and the Influencing Parameters

Blast furnace productivity greatly depends on the quality of sinter. Sinter is to have optimum grain distribution, high strength, high reducibility, high porosity, softening temperatures greater than 1250 deg C, constant FeO content in the range of 7 % to 8 % and constant basicity.

Studying on Softening and Melting Behavior of Lump Ore in Blast Furnace

The charging ratio of lump ore A should be improved. Lump ore B should be distributed in the center of the blast furnace. Lump ores C and D should be used less. ... et al., "Subjects for Achievement of Blast Furnace Operation With Low Reducing Agent Rate," ISIJ ... Matthews L T, and O'dea D P, "Lump Ore and Sinter Behavior during ...

Reduction degradation of lump, sinter, and pellets in blast furnace

In this study, the reduction degradation of sinter, lump, and pellet was compared using the reduction degradation test under different gas mixtures containing CO and H 2, covering the gas composition of conventional and H 2 injection blast furnaces. Lump (Newman Blend Lump NBLL) and pellets show a lower RDI-2.8 than sinter under all the gas ...

Influence of High Temperature Interaction between …

explore the high temperature interaction between sinter and lump ores in blast furnace. The results ... ter and lump ores in blast furnace was not simply physical mixing, it is of great significance to study the primary-slags ... The heating up rate is 10 °C/min below 900°C and 5°C/min over 900°C. Especially, the sam- ...

[PDF] Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets, Sinter, and Lump Ore …

Herein, the reducibility of the iron ore pellet, sinter, and lump ore in the BF shaft are focused on. The experiments are conducted isothermally with a blast furnace simulator …

(PDF) Optimization of Lump Ore Proportions in …

In JSW Steel Ltd at Vijayanagar Works, after revamping of BF#1 to 1.88 MTPA capacity, prepared burden proportion has come down from 87% to 72% in both BF#1 and BF#2 because of the limitation of ...

Blast Furnace Ironmaking

A better burden distribution, increases in sinter and pellets quality, back pressure at the furnace top, and hot blast temperature of 1200–1300 °C, resulted in a rise of furnace productivity and drop in coke rate. Injection of auxiliary fuels such as oil, natural gas, and fine coal was started in order to further decrease the coke rate.

COMPARISON OF SINTER AND PELLET USAGE IN AN

The global seaborne iron ore market including sinter feed, lump ore, pellets and pellet ... slag rate. As blast furnace slag is mainly composed of the gangue materials present

Review on improving gas permeability of blast furnace

2.1 Effect of low-temperature reduction degradation of sinter. The lump zone of blast furnace can be regarded as a solid burdens packed bed, and pressure drop of gas passing through lump zone can be evaluated by Eqs. ... Therefore, at a fixed coke rate, reducing liquid-phase amount prior to penetrating into coke layer should be the effective ...

Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets, Sinter, and Lump …

Herein, the reducibility of the iron ore pellet, sinter, and lump ore in the BF shaft are focused on. The experiments are conducted isothermally with a blast furnace simulator (BFS) high-temperature furnace at four different …

Blast Furnace: Most Efficient Technologies for Greenhouse …

Prepared iron ore (lump ore, pellets, sinter), coke, and limestone are charged into the top of the BF. A hot air blast (commonly enriched with oxygen) and often an auxiliary reductant (such as coal) are blown through the tuyeres near the bottom of the furnace (Huang and Andrade 2017).The hot air blast reacts with the coke in the burden (and any auxiliary …

Mineralogical Aspects of Reducing Lump Iron Ore, Pellets, and Sinter …

Magnetite formation in sinter was predominant and is attributed to the high diffusion rate of hydrogen. ... 17.7 pct CO 2, 8 pct H 2, 2.3 pct H 2 O, rest N 2 to study the effect of hydrogen enrichment in the blast furnace on the disintegration of sinter. RDI in the CO–CO 2 atmosphere was ... Efficient reduction of lump ore, pellets, and ...

(PDF) Interaction between sinter and lump during softening and melting

6) The high temperature interactions between lump ore and sinter have been studied under traditional blast furnace conditions both mechanistically (in small scale analogue conditions) [16][17][18 ...

Behaviour of NINL Blast Furnace with Calibrated Lump …

The behaviour and characteristics of blast furnace changed when iron ore lump are charged as compared to iron ore lump and sinter in burden. The behaviour of iron ore lump (CLO) charged ...

Lump Ore Characteristics and their Impact on Blast Furnace …

The change of coke properties in the blast furnace was investigated using samples from Higashida No. 5, Hirohata No. 1 and Kukioka No. 4 blast furnaces, which were dissected after being quenched ...

Behaviour of NINL Blast Furnace with Calibrated Lump …

Keywords: Blast Furnace, Iron Making, Iron Ore Lump (CLO), sinter, cohesive zone, thermal reserve zone, Coke Rate *Author for Correspondence E-mail: santosh178@rediffmail Mob: 8763107515 1. Introduction The overall economy of an integrated steel plant is very sensible to the performance of blast furnace.

(PDF) High Temperature Softening and Melting

With conventional blast furnaces, the favourable high temperature interactions between lump ore and sinter have facilitated higher lump usage. 4) As blast furnace operations move towards hydrogen ...

High lump use in the blast furnace -implications for sinter quality

Lump Ore and Sinter Behavior during Softening and Melting …

6) The high temperature interactions between lump ore and sinter have been studied under traditional blast furnace conditions both mechanistically (in small scale analogue conditions) [16][17][18 ...

Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets, Sinter, and Lump Ore …

Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets, Sinter, and Lump Ore under Simulated Blast Furnace Conditions Anne Heikkilä,* Mikko Iljana, Hauke Bartusch, and Timo Fabritius 1. Introduction ... Furthermore, the reduction rate of sinter and iron ore pellets begins to resemble each other at higher temperatures. FULL PAPER l steel research ...

Recent Trends in Ironmaking Blast Furnace Technology to …

Sinter constitutes 70–80 % of the iron-bearing material charged into the modern blast furnaces all over the world, while other blast furnaces in Europe apply 100 % iron ore pellets. A comparison of ferrous burden composition applied in 1990 and 2008 EU-15 is given in Fig. 6.2 (Luengen et al. 2012 ).

A set of softening and melting test results for a …

Use of lump ore in modern blast furnace operations is facilitated by high temperature interactions with sinter. With more emphasis on hydrogen enrichment in BF operations, the behaviour of lump...

Quality Improvement of Sintered Ore in Relation to Blast …

viscosity of the blast furnace slag were adequately maintained by composition control without top charging of lump flux (Case 2 of Table 1). As a result, the blast furnace attained a productivity …

Lump Ore Characteristics and their Impact on Blast …

blast furnace. Lump ore is usually assessed chemically, physically and ... sinter chemistry, in particular, alumina content and basicity (Lu, Holmes and Manuel, 2007).

High lump use in the blast furnace – implications for …

Increasing the lump proportion of the burden will increase the target sinter basicity. Softening and Melting (S&M) tests were carried out with mixed burdens of between 20% and 40% Newman...

COMPARISON OF SINTER AND PELLET USAGE IN AN …

The global seaborne iron ore market including sinter feed, lump ore, pellets and pellet feed has rapidly increased over the last decade. While sinter feed sales dominate the ... slag rate. As blast furnace slag is mainly composed of the gangue materials present in the ferrous burden, the ash content of coke, and the added fluxes it follows that ...